The Lost Maya Village of Cern

The Lost Maya Village of Cern Cerã ©n, or Joya de Cerã ©n, is the name of a town in El Salvador that was crushed by a volcanic emission. Known as the North American Pompeii, as a result of its degree of protection, Ceren offers an interesting look into what life resembled 1400 years prior. The Discovery ofCern Soon after supper began, one early night in August around 595 AD, the Loma Caldera abundance of north-focal El Salvador emitted, sending a red hot mass of debris and flotsam and jetsam up to five meters thick for a separation of three kilometers. The occupants of the Classic time frame town currently called Cerã ©n, a minor 600 meters from the springs of gushing lava community, dissipated, leaving supper on the table, and their homes and fields to the wrecking cover. For a long time, Cerã ©n lay overlooked until 1978, when a piece of machinery coincidentally opened up a window into the entirely saved survives from this once flourishing network. In spite of the fact that it is by and by indistinct how huge the town was before it was pulverized, archeological unearthings led by the University of Colorado under the support of the El Salvadoran Ministry of Culture have uncovered an amazing measure of detail of the working existences of the individuals who inhabited Cerã ©n. Parts of the town uncovered so far incorporate four families, one perspiration shower, a community assembling, an asylum, and horticulture fields. Negative impressions of farming harvests, spared by a similar glimmer heat that saved pictures at Pompeii and Herculaneum, included 8-16 column corn (Nal-Tel, to be precise), beans, squash, manioc, cotton, agave. Plantations of avocado, guava, cacao became outside the entryways. Curios and Daily Life Curios recouped from the site are exactly what archeologists love to see; the everydayâ utilitarian products that individuals used to cook in, to store food in, to drink chocolate from. The proof for stately and municipal elements of the perspiration shower, haven, and banquet lobby is intriguing to peruse and consider. However, the most staggering thing about the site is the regular ordinariness of the individuals who lived there. For instance, stroll with me into one of the private family units at Cerã ©n. Family unit 1, for example, is a bunch of four structures, a midden, and a nursery. One of the structures is a living arrangement; two rooms made of wattle and wipe development with a covered rooftop and adobe segments as rooftop bolsters at the corners. An inside room has a raised seat; two stockpiling containers, one containing cotton filaments and seeds; an axle whorl is close by, reminiscent of a string turning pack. Structures at Cern One of the structures is a ramada-a low adobe stage with a rooftop yet no dividers one is a storage facility, despite everything loaded up with enormous capacity containers, metates, incensarios, hammerstones and different apparatuses of life. One of the structures is a kitchen; complete with racks, and loaded with beans and different nourishments and residential things; chile peppers swing from the rafters. While the individuals of Cerã ©n are a distant memory and webpage since quite a while ago relinquished, the great between disciplinary examination and logical announcing by the excavators, combined with PC produced visuals on the site, make the archeological website of Cerã ©n a permanent picture of life as it was lived 1400 years back, before the spring of gushing lava emitted. Sources Sheets, Payson (supervisor). 2002. Before the Volcano Erupted. Before the Volcano Erupted: The Ancient Cerã ©n Village in Central America. College of Texas Press, Austin. Sheets P, Dixon C, Guerra M, and Blanford A. 2011. Manioc development at Ceren, El Salvador: Occasional kitchen garden plant or staple yield? Antiquated Mesoamerica 22(01):1-11.

Cloud Computing Essay

Dynamic: This white paper is a prologue to the terms, attributes, and administrations related with web based registering, generally alluded to as distributed computing. Additionally presented are the advantages and difficulties related with distributed computing, and for those looking to utilize interchanges benefits in the cloud, quickly introduced are various methods of deciding the interfaces expected to utilize these correspondences administrations. Distributed computing is the place programming applications, handling force, information and conceivably even man-made consciousness are gotten to over the Internet. Numerous private people currently routinely utilize an online email application, for example, Gmail, Yahoo! Mail or Hotmail. The area of physical assets and gadgets being gotten to are regularly not known to the end client. It likewise gives offices to clients to create, convey and deal with their applications ‘on the cloud’, which involves virtualization of assets that keeps up and oversees itself. 1. What is Cloud Computing? Distributed computing gives the office to get to shared assets and basic framework, offering administrations n request over the system to perform activities that meet changing business needs. Definitions: â€Å"Cloud processing is a general term for whatever includes conveying facilitated benefits over the internet.† †Wikipedia â€Å"Cloud figuring is Internet-based registering, whereby shared assets, programming, and data are given to PCs and different gadgets on request, similar to the power grid.†-Wikipedia Basically a cloud is a virtualization of Resources that oversees and looks after itself. CCSIT, Junagadh tank.infotech@yahoo.com Page 1 2. Kinds of cloud Open Cloud: the administrations are conveyed to the customer by means of the Internet from an outsider specialist organization. Model: Amazon, Yahoo, Google Case of Clouds 3. Design Cloud architecture,[15] the frameworks design of the product frameworks engaged with the conveyance of distributed computing, regularly includes various cloud parts speaking with one another over application programming interfaces, normally web administrations and 3-level engineering. This takes after the Unix reasoning of having various projects each doing one thing great and cooperating over widespread interfaces. Intricacy is controlled and the subsequent frameworks are more reasonable than their solid partners. Private Cloud: these administrations are overseen and given inside the association. There are less limitation on organize data transmission, less security exposures and other legitimate prerequisites contrasted with the open Cloud. Model: HP Data Centers Hybrid cloud: There is some disarray over the term â€Å"Hybrid† when applied to the cloud †a standard meaning of the term â€Å"Hybrid Cloud† has not yet risen. The term â€Å"Hybrid Cloud† has been utilized to mean either two separate mists consolidated (open, private, inner or outside), or a blend of virtualized cloud server cases utilized along with genuine physical equipment. The most right meaning of the term â€Å"Hybrid Cloud† is presumably the utilization of physical equipment and virtualized cloud server occasions together to offer a solitary normal assistance Design The two most noteworthy parts of distributed computing design are known as the front end and the back end. The front end is the part observed by the customer, for example the PC client. Half breed cloud CCSIT, Junagadh tank.infotech@yahoo.com Page 2 This incorporates the client’s system (or PC) and the applications used to get to the cloud by means of a UI, for example, an internet browser. The back finish of the distributed computing design is simply the ‘cloud’, containing different PCs, servers and information stockpiling gadgets joint effort. For more data on collective working utilizing Google Docs, you can watch the now great video Google Docs in Plain English. Taking coordinated effort even further, the yields of some SaaS applications can be implanted in other site pages as web administration contraptions. For instance, a Google Docs or Zoho Sheet graph can be squashed into another site. There it will consequently refresh when the information in the online spreadsheet that is producing it is changed. SaaS applications are additionally continually refreshed, which can free clients of the â€Å"upgrade hell† of a significant conventional programming bundle amendment. The burden of SaaS is that it is essentially a takeit-or-leave-it type of distributed computing. This implies organizations and people who require direct access to distributed computing equipment on which they can run their own applications can't utilize SaaS. Or maybe, they have to cloud register at the stage or framework level utilizing either stage as a help (PaaS) or foundation as an assistance (IaaS). 4. Administrations of Cloud Computing SaaS(Software as a Service) PaaS(Platform as a Service) IaaS(Infrastructure as a Service) Administrations Of Cloud registering PaaS(Platform as a Service) A stage is a product situation used to create and run applications. For instance, Microsoft Word is an application that sudden spikes in demand for the Microsoft Windows stage. At the point when individuals decide to cloud figure utilizing stage as an assistance or ‘PaaS’, they acquire access to an online stage gave by a distributed computing seller. They would then be able to utilize this stage to create and convey their own on the web (SaaS) applications. Applications created utilizing PaaS might be utilized secretly by only one or a couple of clients inside a specific organization. Be that as it may, they can likewise be offered free or for-a-charge to anyone on the web. This implies in the event that you have a good thought for another online application, at that point you can utilize PaaS to transform it into a reality! A few cloud providers presently offer PaaS apparatuses. Most remarkably these incorporate Google App Engine, Microsoft Windows Azure, and Force.com. Every single such contribution viably give their clients a container of distributed computing Lego. New applications are then built from the plastic blocks on offer. With Force.com, a few applications can even be manufactured utilizing a basic simplified interface. Moderately nontechnical individuals can along these lines make new online applications rapidly. SaaS (Software as a Service) Programming as an assistance is the place PC applications are gotten to over the Internet as opposed to being introduced on a nearby registering gadget or in a neighborhood server farm. Along these lines, for instance, individuals may utilize an online word processor like Google Docs, an online database application like Zoho Creator, an online photograph supervisor like Pixar, or an internet invoicing application, for example, Zoho Invoice. Numerous SaaS applications are allowed to use, in any event at first. You can discover connections to a considerable number of in the Cloud Computing Directory. SaaS can give its clients numerous advantages. These incorporate the general distributed computing favorable circumstances of dynamic versatility and any gadget freedom, just as the advantage of having the option to utilize an application without acquiring fixed expenses. Numerous SaaS applications are likewise community oriented. This permits numerous clients to share reports and even to chip away at them at the equivalent time. For model, in the Google Docs spreadsheet various clients can take a shot at various cells at the same time. The cells various clients are chipping away at are secured off and featured various hues. A constant visit window can likewise be opened up close by the spreadsheet to additionally upgrade For sure, Force.com guarantee that their â€Å"simplified programming model and cloud-based condition mean [customers] can construct and run applications multiple times quicker, at about a large portion of the expense of customary programming platforms†. Google App Engine and Force.com additionally permit an underlying application to be made for nothing! While PaaS is incredible as a rule, its clients do should be aware of the included adaptability stanzas power exchange off. This means while PaaS makes it generally simple to make new online applications, clients are by and by compelled by the specific programming dialects and instruments gave by their PaaS provider. At the end of the day, PaaS merchants have complete authority over which Lego blocks they permit their clients to work with. While this guarantees applications fabricated utilizing the instruments on offer will consistently work effectively, it is in any case prohibitive. It is consequently that numerous organizat ions and a few people decide to cloud register at the foundation level. Committed physical servers and virtual server cases can perform the very same capacities. Be that as it may, there are a few contrasts between them. For a beginning, virtual server occasions are less expensive to gracefully as every doe not require its own bit of physical equipment in a cloud server farm. Then again, virtual server examples are now and then observed as less secure by the individuals who would prefer not to impart server equipment to different clients. Therefore, four classes of IaaS are accessible. These are most usually known as â€Å"private clouds†, â€Å"dedicated hosting†, â€Å"hybrid hosting† and â€Å"cloud hosting†. 5. How distributed computing functions? In conventional endeavor processing, IT divisions gauge interest for applications and limit and put away time and cash to build up those assets inhouse or buy them from others and work them in-house. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) Framework as a help or â€Å"IaaS† is the place a cloud provider gives online foundation on which their clients can store information and create and run whatever applications they please. IaaS along these lines permits organizations to move their current projects and information into the cloud and to shut down their own neighborhood servers and server farms. While figuring applications run on stages, stages thus run on processing foundation. Along these lines, for instance, while the Microsoft Word application runs on the Microsoft Windows stage, thus

How to Write a Term Paper

How to Write a Term Paper Top 10 Tips to Write an Outstanding Term Paper Home›Education Posts›Top 10 Tips to Write an Outstanding Term Paper Education PostsThere are a lot of ways to write a bad term paper and you probably know or may have already practiced some of them. But what about the ways to write a term paper that can get you really good results? This article is focused exactly on that.Read it till the end and you will know how to write a term paper like a real expertChoose the right topicYou have a huge advantage if you were given the opportunity to choose the topic on your own, because you can get creative and select the topic that you’re really interested in. The more engaged you will be with the topic that you have selected the easier it will be for you to work on it. What are the questions that you want to find the answers to? If there are many questions like this, then choose the most interesting ones. If the topics that you have selected are too broad than try to narrow them down to somet hing that you can work with within the limitations of the term paper. In case you weren’t that fortunate and the topic was chosen for you, then you should think about the most interesting angle that you can look from. Whatever the topic or the angle on the topic you have chosen, you should make sure that it’s insightful, original in approach and something that readers will be fascinated with. Here are some additional tips on choosing the right topic for the research paper:Ask questions about the topic from the very beginning and till the end of your work, throughout all the stages. This will help you to look on the topic like on a hypothesis, rather than conclusions, which will definitely increase the quality of the term paper. If you utilize this approach, you should be ready to change your opinion as you’re writing.Reading opinions and comments of other people on the topic. You may find out that the further research is required or you may discover unanswered questions. In bo th cases, it would mean that you can make a contribution.  Do your researchInability to do the research makes many people buy term papers online. On the other hand, people don’t buy term papers if they know how to do the research and this is what we will teach you. Research is the stage of writing work where you start understanding the background of the topic and identifying the areas where further research is necessary. Don’t follow the temptation to write everything that you already know about the topic and leave yourself limited to that, because this way, you will learn nothing new. Start doing your research with a sense of openness and adventure and be willing to learn new things and discover new solutions to the old problems. Make sure to use primary (interviews, legal cases, original texts, experiments, documents, etc.) and secondary (interpretations of other people) sources. Discussing the topic with like-minded students on the campus or on the online forum would be a goo d idea.Polish your thesis statementWhen you have completed the research it’s time for reflection. What is the strongest point or idea that you want to discuss and that you believe you can prove and defend throughout the whole paper? This idea will become your thesis statement and you should make sure that your thesis is both engaging and thought-provoking. Otherwise, you will leave your readers bored and you don’t want it, do you?It is highly advisable to leave some space for flexibility. As you will be working on your term paper, you will discover new ideas, and this may lead you to reshaping your thesis statement a little bit. But don’t go to the extremes of constantly changing the thesis statement as you’re working on your term paper, because it will lead you nowhere. When you feel that your thesis statement is strong enough and takes into consideration all points of view on the investigated issue â€" you can stop improving it. Enough is enough!Create an outlineThere are people who skip this step, but skipping it is exactly what stands in a way of writing excellent essays. Outline helps you to remember where you are heading and what points you should visit until you reach the destination point. The outline is also a subject to changes, but even though it can be changed, it gives you a sense of structure and direction and this is very helpful for the end result. Outline is basically the skeleton of your paper, which you should fill with flesh, bones and skin, or in other words â€" necessary details. Here are the basic elements of the outline:Introduction, discussion section and summary.Explanatory or descriptive paragraphs, which should follow the introduction and set the theme or background.Argument paragraphs and analyses. Write main ideas for each paragraph.Questions you’re unsure about yet.Compose a killer introductionOnce you’re done with the outline, you can proceed to writing a draft of your essay. Start with the introduction. Among all ot her elements of your term paper, this one is the most likely to be rewritten. For this reason many experienced students advise not to start writing the paper with the introduction but rather with body paragraphs and write the introduction in the end. The most important thing about the introduction is this: it should be the most engaging part of your term paper, because it sets the stage for what’s to come on the following pages. If it’s dull, no one is going to continue reading your term paper! Whenever you decide to write introduction, use HIT method:Hook your audience by using a catchy quote or a thoughtful question.Introduce the topic. Be straightforward, clean and succinct.Thesis statement. You already know how to write a good one from the previous point.Remove reader’s doubts in body paragraphsWhile your readers are reading the introduction, different questions may pop up in their minds. In the body paragraphs, you should make sure to address all these questions. Each par agraph should address one argument and back it up with sufficient and solid evidence. In order for your term paper to run smoothly, the last sentence of your paragraph should serve as a transition to the next paragraph.Write a strong conclusionStrong conclusions are easy to write if you know the ROCC What’s this? Let’s take a look:Restate the thesis statement.One crucial detail, which is often mentioned in the last paragraph.Conclude â€" what’s the outcome?Clincher â€" leave readers with some food for thought.Don’t forget about formattingOne of the elements of answering the question “how to write a term paper?” is this â€" do the right formatting. Even if you have an excellently written work, you can still get an average grade if your paper has poor formatting. If you’re unsure which formatting style you should use for your paper, clarify this question with your professor or department. Pay special attention to formatting quotes in accordance with the necessary style. Here are a couple of tips in terms of style that you should follow:Don’t simply copy-paste the ideas of other people. Readers want to know your opinion.In order to avoid the last minute scramble, sort the bibliography from the very beginning.  Build musclesYou may have written a lot of sentences, which convey your ideas. But is it really the best way to convey your ideas or you can improve it somehow? Examine all sentences in your term paper and replace vague language with strong words. All to-be verbs should be replaced with stronger action verbs. Instead of I was writing my dissertation use I wrote the dissertation.Proofread scrupulouslyYour job won’t be finished until you proofread your paper carefully a couple of times. Unfortunately, you can’t write a perfect paper without taking the time to polish it. If your professor notices little mistakes here and there, which your spell-checker hasn’t noticed, you won’t get an A+ for your term paper. Decent grammar, punctuation and spelling should be a must.Congratulations!Now you know how to write a term paper like a pro!

Research on Haiti - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1081 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? HAITI: IT’S PAST AND PRESENT Haiti is the second largest Caribbean Island. It occupies a third of the western part of the island it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti is also made up of several islands that surround the main territory. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Research on Haiti" essay for you Create order The capital is Port-au-Prince. It rains between November and March in the North of the island and between May and October in the South. â€Å"Once covered by forest, the country has been heavily logged for wood and fuel and to clear land for farming, and is now largely deforested. † Haiti is divided into â€Å"nine administrative departments. Besides the capital, other important cities are Cap-Haitien and Gonaives. â€Å"Haiti is the most densely populated country in Latin America and has the lowest per capital income, with about half the people unemployed and three quarters living in the severest poverty. † Agriculture is the main economic activity in Haiti. The main crops grown are cassava, rice, sugarcane, sorghum, yams, corn, and plantains. The main exports are coffee, cotton, sugar, sisal, bauxite, and essences. The most predominant religion is Roman Catholicism. Catholicism is enshrined in the Haitian constitution as the official state religion, and between 80 an d 85% of Haitians are Catholics. † The religion of Voodoo is also practiced. â€Å"Vodou encompasses several different traditions, and consists of a mix encompassing African, European and indigenous  Taino  religious elements. † It is unknown how many people practice Voodoo, but many practice it along with their Christian faith. Haiti has a rich culture that comes mostly from voodoo tribes. Haitian culture is a mixture of French, African elements, and native  Taino, with influence from the colonial Spanish. The countrys customs essentially are a blend of cultural beliefs that derived from the various ethnic groups that inhabited the island of Hispaniola. † â€Å"In nearly all aspects of modern Haitian society however, the European and African elements dominate. Haiti is world famous for its  distinctive art, notably painting and sculpture. † The  Dominican War  of Independence gave the  Dominican Republic  independence from  Haiti. Before the war, the whole island of Hispaniola had belonged to Haiti for 22 years. The Dominican War of Independence of 1844 was led by twenty year old Juan Pablo Duarte. Duarte along with Matias Ramon Mella and Francisco del Rosario Sanchez formed a group they called La Trinitaria or the Trinity. They recruited many people and kept their actions very secret to avoid detection by any Haitian authorities. The group was eventually discovered and it was forced to change its name to La Filantropica or The Philanthropic. The group continued to make trouble for the Haitians. In 1843 the group had a break as it worked with a â€Å"liberal Haitian party† they were able to overthrow the president. Their success continued and on February 27, 1844, Dominican rebels seized the Fortaleza Ozama in Santo Domingo. Within days all Haitian officials left Santo Domingo. The war continued and the Dominican Republic continued to defend against Haitian attacks. The Republic went on to win more wars against Haiti’s attacks. â€Å"In November 6, 1844 a  Constituent assembly  drafted a  constitution, based on the Haitian and United States models, which established separation of powers and legislative checks on the executive. † The war continued throughout September and November  of 1845. The war for independence was foreseeable as tensions built over the twenty two years in which Haiti had control of the island. The relationship between Haitians and the Dominican Republic deteriorated as â€Å"Haitians monopolized government power, severed the church’s ties with Rome, forced out the traditional ruling class, and all but obliterated the western European and Hispanic traditions. † â€Å"In addition, Haitian troops arbitrarily confiscated foodstuffs and other supplies, and ethnic tensions caused further resentment. Many Dominican  historians have painted a picture of this period as cruel and barbarous. The aftermath of Haiti’s earthquake has had a clear devastating impact on the capital, Port-au-Prince. â€Å"The National Palace, the Cathedral, the Ministry of Justice and other important Government offices have been destroyed. Hotels, hospitals, schools and the national penitentiary have all suffered extensive damage. Buildings and infrastructur e were heavily damaged throughout the capital. Basic services such as water and electricity have collapsed almost entirely. The remaining areas of Haiti appear to be largely unaffected. The destruction that the earthquake has caused is massive and the country is still very visibly shaken up as the casualties were vast, the destruction of homes immense, the water supply is short, and there are shortages of essential items. â€Å"Over 222,570 people have died, 300,572 injured and a staggering 2. 3 million, nearly one quarter of the population, displaced. The government lost thousands of civil servants and most of their key infrastructure was destroyed. Haiti’s present day situation is very grim. If you visit Haiti today it seems as if the earthquake had just taken place. Less than four percent of the debris has been cleared, 1. 6 million people are still living in tents, and all of this is â€Å"despite $1. 8 billion in earthquake aid, according to US government and United Na tions figures. † Haiti’s government is going to receive a â€Å"significant portion† of aid and its leaders will be left to figure out how to spend the money and where to distribute it. Unfortunately, this is of concern because even â€Å"before the earthquake, the Haitian government could not provide basic services such as education and health care to most of the nations’ nine million people. † Currently, sanitary conditions are unbearable as â€Å"women use newspapers to control menstruation. Babies do not have diapers, and many are sick. † However, there has been progress. Some progress includes: the distribution of emergency shelters to over 1. 5 million people and of food to 4. million Haitians; more than one million people have access to drinkable water daily; and over 900,000 people have been vaccinated so far. Due to the vaccinations there have not been any major increases in the camps. Haiti still has a very long way to go in rebuilding but the one thing that can be said is that there seems to be a lot of organizations trying to help. With these organizations in place, the Haitian people can only hope that with a plan in order their cur rent grim situation will change in the future. WORKS CITED * â€Å"History of Haiti. † Encyclopaedia Britannica. 010. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. 16 Aug. 2010. ;https://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/251987/history-of-Haiti; * â€Å"Dominican Republic. † Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. 16 Aug. 2010. https://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/168728/Dominican-Republic * â€Å"Haiti: 6 months after. † United Nations Development Programme. 12 July 2010. https://www. undp. org/haiti/doc/Haiti_6months_after. pdf * â€Å"Haiti Earthquake of 2010. † Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. 16 Aug. 2010. ;

Cancer And The Floor Of The Mouth - 863 Words

Cancer of the floor of the mouth occurs when cells under your tongue become abnormal and start to grow out of control. This usually starts in very thin, flat cells that line the surface of your mouth (squamous cells). Cancer cells can spread and form a mass of cells called a tumor. The cancer may spread deeper into the floor of the mouth, or it may spread to other areas of the body (metastasize). RISK FACTORS The exact cause of cancer of the floor of the mouth is not known, but there are a number of risk factors that can increase your chances of getting cancer of the floor of the mouth. This condition is more likely to develop in: †¢ People who use tobacco products, including cigarettes, chewing tobacco, or e-cigarettes. Tobacco use is the number one risk factor of cancer of the tonsils. †¢ Men. †¢ People who are older than 50 years. †¢ People who drink alcohol excessively. †¢ People with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. †¢ People with poor oral hygiene (not brushing or flossing your teeth regularly). SYMPTOMS Symptoms of this condition include: †¢ A lump or an open sore (ulcer) on the floor of your mouth that does not heal and may be painless. †¢ A white or red patch on the floor of your mouth. This might show up before an ulcer appears, or it might be next to an ulcer. †¢ Pain in your mouth or ear. †¢ Bad breath. †¢ Loose teeth. 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Asbestos is only dangerous when its fibers become loose or when theRead MoreMy Mother s Resilience Inspired Me Day By Day887 Words   |  4 PagesSteam filled the dense cubicle apartment as my mother cooked, cleaned, showered and dressed. Despite her exhaustion and swollen ankles from hours spent on white floors of the hospital, she’d stand erect as a building, asking me to recite the words learned that day and review my homework. I knew daren’t turn on the TV during the weekday. When managing me and work became too much, she’d take me to work. During the commutes she whispered little words of wisdom, one was to â€Å"be still, listen and be vigilant†

Mental Health Issues Of Vietnam Veterans - 1595 Words

Society does not accommodate the needs of Veterans in terms of housing and health services upon returning to civilian life. Vietnam veterans are infamously known for being homeless and having a host of mental health issues. Today’s veterans have more support systems but the success of those systems may vary from region to region. In the Puget Sound region there are many homeless veterans despite efforts made by communities and municipalities. Issues of access to health care and inadequate community support intersect to form an underserved group of citizens who served in the military. Those who serve in the military are the often purported to be the ideal citizens who dedicate their lives to service. Veterans however are displaced and unable to fit within society without an array of different services. Veterans have engaged in the duty â€Å"to kill others for the sake of the political community† in order to secure their living and membership within society (Yuval-Davis, 2012:208). The political community then has a responsibility to provide for the soldiers when they return to being citizens. The culture for those who come from the military is highly disciplined and has an emphasis accomplishing goals for the larger group. Veterans witness a low â€Å"work ethic and see people squander away their opportunity† creating a difference in the culture between ex-military and civilian populations in daily life (Rodriguez, Ricardo, 2016:Personal Interview). The experience for Ricardo, aShow MoreRelatedThe Social Welfare Issue Of The Vietnam War1481 Words   |  6 Pagescrisis position. The social welfare issue homelessness and my population will be Veterans of the Vietnam War. The majority of homeless Veterans are mostly likely males, who are physically disable, poor, or lived in disadvantaged communities. This is a result of lack of support and lack of resources. Many risk factors that play a role in the Veterans homeless society is lack of support, isolation after discharge, and low housing availability. Many Vietnam veterans experience homelessness, the HousingRead MoreEssay On Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans756 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition thats triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event†. Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization committed to clinical practice, education and research, providing expert, whole-person care to every one who needs healing. 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Once again, it is believed that multiple deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan is one of the culprits of this staggering statistic. Since operations has begun in the Middle East in 2001 through 2011, there have been 2,810 military personnel who have committed suicide while on active duty (McCarl, 2013). Suicide by Firearms. Firearms are the most common means of suicide among military veterans. Among maleRead MoreSpss968 Words   |  4 Pages------------------------------------------------- POLICY BRIEF VETERAN TREATMENT COURT SHOULD BE EXPANDED TO THE COMMON PLEAS COURT OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY TONY D. MORRIS PREPARED FOR: Honorable John J. Russo Administrative and Presiding Judge Cuyahoga County Common Pleas Court July 1, 2014 SWK 300: SOCIAL WELFARE POLICY PROFESSOR MICHAEL A. 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Throughout the five boroughs of New York City the issues can be seen and theRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1444 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2014 PTSD in War Veterans Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition that is fairly common with individuals that have experienced trauma, especially war veterans. One in five war veterans that have done service in the Iraq or Afghanistan war are diagnosed with PTSD. My group decided to focus on PTSD in war veterans because it is still a controversial part of stressful circumstances that needs further discussion. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD amongst war veterans, which is 13.8%, hasRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1386 Words   |  6 Pagestraumatic event that leads to a mental health condition. PTSD, is very common with veterans. Statistics, effects on the brain, and effects on relationships show how much this issue desperately needs attention so help can be given to the soldiers. 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International Journal of Computer Application - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. Different technology of Wireless LAN like IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, etc. has different merits. Research any 4 WLAN technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which WLAN 802.11 standard will become the dominant players in the future . 2. Compare and contrast the FHSS and DSSS in the area of wireless networking? 3. A local engineering group ask you to present your finding on different types of antennas used in wireless technologies. Research on 4 different types of antennas in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future. Please submit power point slides in your answer. Answers: Answer 1 There are different technologies of Wireless LAN, such as IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and so on. These wireless technologies have different merits and demerits. The different aspects of these wireless technology is discussed below- IEEE 802.11a Wireless IEE 802.11a operates in 5-GHZ frequency band. This band is also termed as UNII or Universal Networking Information Infrastructure band. UNII is divided into three parts, UNII-1, UNII-2 and UNII-3. UNII-1 is mainly used for indoor usage, where an antenna is fixed to the radio. UNII-2 on the other hand is used for both indoor and outdoor usage, with the help of either a fixed or a remote antenna; while UNII-3 is only used for outdoor. The maximum speed of 802.11a is 54 mbps and uses OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) for modulation. IEEE 802.11a is therefore, mostly used in WIFI. It shows the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. This standard of wireless technology was released in the year 1999 and has a bandwidth of 20MHZ. IEEE 802.11a makes use of single input and single output technologies of antenna. Outdoor frequency ranges to 5Km within an operating frequency of 3.7G. It is less prone to interference in comparison to 802.11b mainly because of a higher operating frequency (Chakraborty eta al., 2014). The strength is that the data rate in this standard is flexible and offers 12 non-overlapping channels. However, it is somewhat expensive that other standards, which is its major weakness IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11b was also released in 1999 and enables a propagation speed of 11 mbps. It operates in 2.4 GHz operating frequency with a bandwidth of 22MHz. It makes use of Direct Sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) modulation technique and employs SISO antenna technology, similar to IEEE 802.11a. This standard is prone to higher interference due to its frequency range, as the frequency range of 2.4 GHz is becoming over crowded with carriers. The indoor range of IEEE 802.11b is 35m while that of outdoor range is 140m (Yuan et al., 2013). The strength is that his technology is less expensive, but has a greater interference, which is one of the major weaknesses. IEEE 802.11g It is a combination of IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11b and was released in 2003. It operates in 2.4GHz frequency with a bandwidth of 20MHZ used (Baldi et al., 2013). the maximum speed in 54mbps, which is its major advantage along with the fact that it is compatible with 802.11b. However, it has interference issues as well. IEEE 802.11n It was released in 2009 and uses multiple antennas in transmission and data receive. It employs OFDM modulation technique and supports multiple input and multiple output, which is a key strength of this standard. However, the only weakness is its cost of implementation (Lim, Kim Suh, 2012). Therefore, it can be said that IEEE 802.11n will become a dominant player in future. This is because of the speed and reliability of this standard. This standard provides better service in comparison to the other three standards discussed above. The speed is very high, however, the cost of implementation should be a bit less as it is a major roadblock in evaluation of this standard (Khanduri and Rattan, 2013). Answer 2: FHSS: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum or FHSS is a process by which radio signals are transmitted by rapid interchange or switching of the carriers among the different frequency channels. The radio signals are transmitted across numerous channels with the pseudorandom sequence. The sender and receiver know this sequence. It is defined in 2.4GHz band and is operated in round 79 frequencies that range from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz (Torrieri, 2015). It is a robust technology and with very less issues of interference from noise and other environmental factors. It finds its usage on cellular or fixed broadband wireless access as in this cases, the use of DSSS is ractically impossible. Furthermore, in FHSS, the number of simultaneously active systems in a single geographic area is higher. Therefore, this technology is mainly used in designs that cover a large area. FHSS systems generally operate in narrow band signals that are mainly located around the different carrier frequencies. Like DSSS, F HSS also retransmits the lost packets until a proper acknowledgement is received across the channel, thus increasing the accuracy of data transfer (Zeng et al., 2012). DSSS: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Direct sequence spread spectrum is a transmission technology and is generally used in local area networks. The data signals in DSSS are coupled with an increased data rate sequence, dividing the entire data in different spreading ratios. DSSS is resistant to jamming, which is its major advantage. It furthermore has an advantage of sharing channels among multiple users. It is generally used for transmission of digital signals in order to resist the jamming attempts. A particular stream of information in DSSS is subdivided into a number of small pieces. Data signals at points of transmission are combined in a higher data bit rate sequence in DSSS. If any bits of data is damaged during the transmission, the original data can be easily recovered. The major differences between FHSS and DSSS are as follows (Swamy et al., 2013)- While transmission, FHSS changes the frequency while that of DSSS changes the phase FHSS is considerably easier to synchronize in comparison to DSSS DSS finds its use in positioning system whereas, FHSS is used in cellular or fixed broadband connections. DSS has a short latency time while the latency time in FHSS is higher. DSSS possess no dwell time, whereas the dwell time in FHSS is 400 microsecond DHSS generally has short indoor range and long outdoor range, while in FHSS both indoor and outdoor range is short. The overall data throughput is higher in DSSS in comparison to FHSS (Quyen, Yem Hoang, 2013). The constant processing gain in DSS corresponds to a better signal to noise ratio while in FHSS there is no processing gain. Answer 3: Different types of Antenna References Baldi, M., Bianchi, M., Maturo, N., Chiaraluce, F. (2013). A physical layer secured key distribution technique for IEEE 802.11 g wireless networks.IEEE wireless communications letters,2(2), 183-186.). Chakraborty, U., Kundu, A., Chowdhury, S. K., Bhattacharjee, A. K. (2014). Compact dual-band microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11 a WLAN application.IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,13, 407-410 Khanduri, R. and Rattan, S.S., 2013. Performance comparison analysis between IEEE 802. 11a/b/g/n standards.International Journal of Computer Applications,78(1). Lim, W. S., Kim, D. W., Suh, Y. J. (2012). Design of efficient multicast protocol for IEEE 802.11 n WLANs and cross-layer optimization for scalable video streaming.IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,11(5), 780-792 Quyen, N. X., Yem, V. V., Hoang, T. M. (2013). A chaos-based direct-sequence/spread-spectrum communication scheme.). Swamy, M.K., Deepthi, M., Mounika, V. and Saranya, R.N., 2013. Performance analysis of DSSS and FHSS techniques over AWGN channel.Development (IJECIERD),3(2), pp.7-14. Torrieri, D. (2015).Principles of spread-spectrum communication systems. Springer. Yuan, W., Wang, X., Linnartz, J. P. M., Niemegeers, I. G. (2013). Coexistence performance of IEEE 802.15. 4 wireless sensor networks under IEEE 802.11 b/g interference.Wireless Personal Communications, 1-22. Zeng, X., Cai, H., Tang, X. and Yang, Y., 2012. A class of optimal frequency hopping sequences with new parameters.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,58(7), pp.4899-4907.